ETM

Part Code: PCS-003291

The ETM measures the frictional properties of lubricants and materials under extreme pressures and a wide range of rolling/sliding conditions.

  • Measurement of the formation and removal of anti-wear tribofilms at high contact pressures
  • Studying the influence of very high shear stresses on lubricant/material chemistry (mechanochemistry)
  • Scuffing testing of lubricants, materials and surface finishes
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Launched in 2019, the ETM uses the same specimen geometry as the laboratory standard MTM. Using high precision components, the ETM allows testing up to 3.5 GPa with standard specimens in a compact, controlled environment.

The unique ball and disc set up enables mixed rolling and sliding conditions to be simulated. All three regimes (boundary, mixed and EHL) can be replicated, whilst applying extreme load and realistic temperatures and speeds. The frictional properties of lubricants and additives can be analysed under realistic conditions for quick comparison between formulations.

Peak Hertzian contact pressures typically range from 1.8 GPa in gears and cams to 3.5 GPa in rolling bearings and toroidal traction drives.  The PCS-ETM enables tribological phenomena to be studied over the full range of pressures.

  • Measurement of the formation and removal of anti-wear tribofilms at high contact pressures
  • Studying the influence of very high shear stresses on lubricant/material chemistry (mechanochemistry)
  • Scuffing testing of lubricants, materials and surface finishes
  • Characterisation of lubricant properties for traction drive applications
  • Exploration of friction modifier behaviour at realistic contact pressures
Technical Specifications
Load 100 -1650 N
Contact Pressure Up to 3.5 GPa with standard 52100 steel specimens (Up to 7.1 GPa with alternative specimens)
Speeds -3.5 to 3.5 m/s
Temperature Range 10 - 150°C
Test Sample Volume 30 ml (10 ml with pot filler)
Slide/Roll Ratio 0 - 200%
Power Supply 100 - 240 V, 50/60 Hz, 1600 VA
Weight 52 kg/115 lb
Dimensions (h x w x d) 425mm/17" x 400mm/16" x 605mm/24"

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Industrial

  • Developing and optimising metal working fluid formulations
  • Analysing the interactions between seals and moving components
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Lubricants

  • Developing and optimising lubricant formulations
  • Performance testing of industrial greases
  • Characterising additive performance
  • Validating computational friction and wear models

Powertrain

  • Simulating bearing surface interactions
  • Simulating gear tooth contact behaviour
  • Determining frictional losses within a system and performing efficiency calculations
  • Replicating real-world and extreme contact conditions

Transport

  • Lubricity testing of sustainable aviation fuels
  • Evaluating marine greases and lubricants
  • Developing specialist greases for the rail industry
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Substituent Effects on the Mechanochemical Response of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate

J. Zhang, J. P. Ewen, H. A. Spikes
30th May 2022

Substituent Control of Tribofilm Growth under Mechanochemical Conditions

J. Zhang, J. P. Ewen, H. A. Spikes
24th February 2022

In-Situ Observation of the Effect of the Tribofilm Growth on Scuffing in Rolling-Sliding Contact

M. Ueda, H. Spikes, A. Kadiric
22nd February 2022

Measurement of EHD Friction at Very High Contact Pressures

J. Zhang, H. A. Spikes
13th February 2020

Mechanochemistry of Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate on Steel Surfaces under Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Conditions

J. Zhang, J. P. Ewen, M. Ueda, J. S. S. Wong, H. A. Spikes
8th January 2020
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